The primary process for separating the hydrocarbon components of crude oil is fractional distillation. Crude oil distillers separate crude oil into fractions for subsequent processing in such units as catalytic reformers, cracking units, alkylation units, or cokers. In turn, each of these more complex processing units also incorporates a fractional distillation tower to separate its own reaction products.
Modern crude oil distillation units operate continuously over long periods of time and are much larger than the fractionaldistillation units employed in chemical or other industries. Process rates are commonly delineated in American barrels; units capable
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