During a well test, the response of a reservoir to changing production (or injection) conditions is monitored. Since the response is, to a greater or lesser degree, characteristic of the properties of the reservoir, it is possible in many cases to infer reservoir properties from the response. Well test interpretation is therefore an inverse problem in that model parameters are inferred by analyzing model response to a given input.
In most cases of well testing, the reservoir response that is measured is the pressure response. Hence in many cases well test analysis is synonymous with pressure transient analysis. The pressure transient is due to changes in production or injection of fluids, hence we treat the flow rate transient as input and the pressure transient as output.
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